The use of robotic arms in mapping for the projection of artistic images on large surfaces has revolutionized the way multimedia installations are executed. This approach combines robotic precision with advanced projection techniques to create immersive and detailed visual experiences.
How do robotic arms work in mapping?
Robotic arms, such as those from brands like KUKA, ABB, or Fanuc, are used to move projectors or lasers with unparalleled precision. Through specialized software, the robot is programmed to follow specific trajectories and project images onto complex surfaces. This allows visual artists to use three-dimensional structures, such as buildings or sculptures, to perform exact and dynamic mapping of images.
Some of the most commonly used industrial robots for their precision and movement capabilities include:
• KUKA KR AGILUS: This high-precision robot is widely used in applications requiring fast and precise movements. Its compact size and ability to operate in small spaces make it ideal for projections on complex or highly detailed surfaces.
• ABB IRB 4600: Known for its precision and flexibility in movement, this robot has been used in mapping projects to handle projectors or lasers in artistic installations, thanks to its ability to work with light loads and perform repetitive movements with great accuracy.
• FANUC M-20iA: Popular for its medium load capacity and versatility in industrial applications, this robot is used to dynamically position projectors in artistic shows, ensuring that projections align perfectly with complex structures.
• Yaskawa Motoman GP12: Used in scenarios where precision and speed are essential, this robot can be programmed to perform complex movements in mapping installations, allowing real-time adjustments and detailed projections on large surfaces.
These industrial robots are known for their ability to perform high-precision tasks and coordinated movements, making them essential tools for artistic projection and mapping on three-dimensional surfaces.
Advantages of robotic arms in artistic mapping:
• Millimetric precision: Robotic arms are extremely precise, allowing images to be projected with perfect alignment on irregular or large surfaces, something difficult to achieve with manual methods.
• Repeatability: The robot’s movements can be programmed and repeated without error, ensuring that each projection has the same results in every iteration.
• Dynamic and coordinated movements: Robotic arms allow the angle and perspective of the projection to be changed in real-time, adding a kinetic dimension to artistic installations. For example, the arm can move to the rhythm of the music or coordinate with other stage elements.
• Interaction with three-dimensional space: The use of robotic arms allows for the precise integration of images into complex three-dimensional structures, such as building facades or large sculptures.
Applications in art and events:
Mapping with robotic arms has been employed in various artistic contexts, such as exhibitions, concerts, public events, and architectural projects. Some examples include:
• Projections at light festivals: Mapping festivals, such as the Festival of Lights in Lyon or Glow Eindhoven in the Netherlands, have explored the use of robotic arms to project artistic images onto facades and monuments.
• Multimedia shows: In concert settings, robotic arms are used to project visuals in real-time that interact with the movements of musicians or choreographies, creating an immersive environment.
Analysis of the technology involved:
To carry out these mapping installations, a combination of several technologies is required:
• Mapping and projection software: Programs like MadMapper or TouchDesigner allow the creation of images and integration with the movements of the robotic arm.
• Sensors and cameras: In many cases, cameras and sensors are used to capture the exact position of the robot and the environment where the images will be projected in real-time, ensuring that position adjustments are made dynamically.
The use of robotic arms in mapping has opened new creative possibilities by allowing precise control over the projection of artistic images. By combining robotic technology with the capabilities of projection software, artists can carry out immersive and dynamic installations on three-dimensional surfaces, offering a unique and transformative experience.
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